Asked the copilot, as the Airbus A330 that was Air France Flight 447 dropped like a stone toward the dark Atlantic on the night of May 31, 2009. The copilot who was struggling to fly the jet, and the Captain who returned from a rest utterly failed to comprehend the many alerts, tones and instrument cues of an aircraft in a fully stalled state. Erratic airspeed indications from sensors clogged with ice crystals triggered a complex chain of events and conditions that baffled the crew during an agonizing 125-mile per hour free fall from 37,000 feet that lasted over 4 minutes. Others had experienced Airbus airspeed problems and lived; how could this tragedy, costing 228 lives, occur? What can we learn about the design and operator training of our own complex systems? Over three years later, we have the final investigation from the French BEA to examine.